日期:2014-05-16  浏览次数:20422 次

Linux GDB(二)
Linux GDB(二)


文章来源:http://blog.csdn.net/haoel/article/details/2880
GDB的命令概貌
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启动gdb后,就你被带入gdb的调试环境中,就可以使用gdb的命令开始调试程序了,gdb的命令可以使用help命令来查看,如下所示:

    /home/hchen> gdb
    GNU gdb 5.1.1
    Copyright 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and you are
    welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain conditions.
    Type "show copying" to see the conditions.
    There is absolutely no warranty for GDB.  Type "show warranty" for details.
    This GDB was configured as "i386-suse-linux".
    (gdb) help
    List of classes of commands:

    aliases -- Aliases of other commands
    breakpoints -- Making program stop at certain points
    data -- Examining data
    files -- Specifying and examining files
    internals -- Maintenance commands
    obscure -- Obscure features
    running -- Running the program
    stack -- Examining the stack
    status -- Status inquiries
    support -- Support facilities
    tracepoints -- Tracing of program execution without stopping the program
    user-defined -- User-defined commands

    Type "help" followed by a class name for a list of commands in that class.
    Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.
    Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.
    (gdb)

gdb的命令很多,gdb把之分成许多个种类。help命令只是例出gdb的命令种类,如果要看种类中的命令,可以使用help <class> 命令,如:help breakpoints,查看设置断点的所有命令。也可以直接help <command>来查看命令的帮助。


gdb中,输入命令时,可以不用打全命令,只用打命令的前几个字符就可以了,当然,命令的前几个字符应该要标志着一个唯一的命令,在Linux下,你可以敲击两次TAB键来补齐命令的全称,如果有重复的,那么gdb会把其例出来。
  
    示例一:在进入函数func时,设置一个断点。可以敲入break func,或是直接就是b func
    (gdb) b func
    Breakpoint 1 at 0x8048458: file hello.c, line 10.

    示例二:敲入b按两次TAB键,你会看到所有b打头的命令:
    (gdb) b
    backtrace  break      bt
    (gdb)

    示例三:只记得函数的前缀,可以这样:
    (gdb) b make_ <按TAB键>
    (再按下一次TAB键,你会看到:)
    make_a_section_from_file     make_environ
    make_abs_section             make_function_type
    make_blockvector             make_pointer_type
    make_cleanup                 make_reference_type
    make_command                 make_symbol_completion_list
    (gdb) b make_
    GDB把所有make开头的函数全部例出来给你查看。

    示例四:调试C++的程序时,有可以函数名一样。如:
    (gdb) b 'bubble( M-?
    bubble(double,double)    bubble(int,int)
    (gdb) b 'bubble(
    你可以查看到C++中的所有的重载函数及参数。(注:M-?和“按两次TAB键”是一个意思)

要退出gdb时,只用发quit或命令简称q就行了。



GDB中运行UNIX的shell程序
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