日期:2014-05-18  浏览次数:20501 次

Play with SQL (Mission 1)
这是一些有趣的小问题。我们可以尝试用T-SQL来解答。
Just for fun!

大家回复时,别忘了贴出自己的代码,可以共同分享一下SQL的技巧和思维的火花。


1.
一个数学家和他多年未见的朋友在街上偶遇。朋友问:“今天对我来说是一个很特殊的日子,我的三个儿子都在今天过生日!你能算出来他们都有多大吗?”
“好,”数学家说,“但是你得跟我讲讲他们的情况。”
“好的,我给你一些提示,”那三个小孩的父亲说,“他们三个的年龄之积是36。”
“很好,”数学家说,“但我还需要更多的提示。”
“他们三个的年龄之和等于那幢房子的窗户个数。”朋友指着他们旁边的一幢房子说。
数学家考虑了一下说,“但是我还要一点信息来解你的这个难题。”
“我大儿子的眼睛是蓝色的。”朋友说。(注:如果两个儿子是双胞胎,则没有大小之分)
“哦,可以了。”数学说道。接着他给出了答案。
请问这三个小孩的年龄。

2. (这个题目貌似很有名)
教授选出两个从2到9的数,把它们的和告诉学生甲,把它们的积告诉学生乙,让他们轮流猜这两个数。
甲说:“我猜不出”
乙说:“我猜不出”
甲说:“我猜到了”
乙说:“我也猜到了”
请问这两个数是多少。
(提示:考虑这两个数是否允许相同,分两种情况)


以上两个题目,在SQL Server 2005上可用一个SQL查询给出答案。


------解决方案--------------------
改一下我的算法,也用一下CTE吧
SQL code
DECLARE @AGE TABLE(AGE INT)
INSERT INTO @AGE
SELECT NUMBER FROM MASTER..SPT_VALUES WHERE TYPE='P' AND NUMBER BETWEEN 0 AND 36
DECLARE @HOUSE TABLE(WINDOW INT)
INSERT INTO @HOUSE
SELECT T1.NUMBER*T2.NUMBER 
FROM (SELECT NUMBER FROM MASTER..SPT_VALUES WHERE TYPE='P' AND NUMBER BETWEEN 1 AND 100) T1
inner JOIN (SELECT NUMBER FROM MASTER..SPT_VALUES WHERE TYPE='P' AND NUMBER BETWEEN 1 AND 100) T2
ON T1.NUMBER>=T2.NUMBER
;WITH MU AS (
SELECT T1.AGE AS A1,T2.AGE AS A2,T3.AGE AS A3,T1.AGE+T2.AGE+T3.AGE AS HE
FROM @AGE T1
INNER JOIN @AGE T2 ON T1.AGE>=T2.AGE 
INNER JOIN @AGE T3 ON T2.AGE>=T3.AGE
AND T1.AGE+T2.AGE+T3.AGE IN (
SELECT WINDOW FROM @HOUSE
) AND T1.AGE*T2.AGE*T3.AGE=36
)
SELECT A1,A2,A3 FROM MU T1 WHERE EXISTS(
SELECT 1 FROM MU T2 WHERE T2.HE=T1.HE AND T2.A1<>T1.A1
) AND A1>A2
--9    2    2

------解决方案--------------------
怎么算出两个答案?
SQL code
DECLARE @number TABLE(n INT)
INSERT INTO @number
SELECT NUMBER FROM MASTER..SPT_VALUES WHERE TYPE='P' AND NUMBER BETWEEN 2 AND 9
;with tb as(
select a.n an,b.n bn,a.n+b.n [a+b],a.n*b.n [a*b] from @number a, @number b where a.n <= b.n )
,tb1 as --甲猜不到,说明两个数的和不唯一
(select * from tb where [a+b] in(select [a+b] from tb group by [a+b] having COUNT(1) > 1))
,tb2 as --乙猜不到,说明两个数的积不唯一
(select * from tb1 where [a*b] in(select [a*b] from tb1 group by [a*b] having COUNT(1) > 1))
,tb3 as --甲猜到了说明两个数的和已经唯一了
(select * from tb2 where [a+b] in(select [a+b] from tb2 group by [a+b] having COUNT(1) = 1))
,tb4 as --乙猜到了说明两个数的和已经唯一了
(select * from tb3 where [a*b] in(select [a*b] from tb3 group by [a*b] having COUNT(1) = 1))
select * from tb4

------解决方案--------------------
SQL code

--情况一:可以相等
select a.number as an,b.number bn,a.number+b.number sm,a.number*b.number m into #tb from master..spt_values a
,master..spt_values b
where a.type='p' and b.type='p'
and a.number between 2 and 9
and b.number between 2 and 9
and a.number<=b.number


;with ct1 as(
select * from #tb a where exists
(select 1 from #tb where a.sm=sm group by sm having COUNT(1)>=2)
),
ct2 as
(select * from ct1 a where exists(
select 1 from ct1 where a.m=m group by m having COUNT(1)>=2)
)
,ct3 as
(select * from ct2 a where exists(
select 1 from ct2 where a.sm=sm group by sm having COUNT(1)=1)
)
,ct4 as(
select * from ct3 a where exists(
select 1 from ct3 where a.m=m group by m having COUNT(1)=1)
)
select * from ct4

drop table #tb
go
--情况一:不可以相等


select a.number as an,b.number bn,a.number+b.number sm,a.number*b.number m into #tb from master..spt_values a
,master..spt_values b
where a.type='p' and b.type='p'
and a.number between 2 and 9
and b.number between 2 and 9
and a.number<b.number


;with ct1 as(
select * from #tb a where exists
(select 1 from #tb where a.sm=sm group by sm having COUNT(1)>=2)
),
ct2 as
(select * from ct1 a where exists(
select 1 from ct1 where a.m=m group by m having COUNT(1)>=2)
)
,ct3 as
(select * from ct2 a where exists(
select 1 from ct2 where a.sm=sm group by sm having COUNT(1)=1)
)
,ct4 as(