public class Person {
    String name="person";
    public void shout(){
        System.out.println(name);
    }
}

public class Student extends Person{
    String name="student";
    String school="school";
    
}

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Person p=new Student();
        p.shout();
    }

}

public class Student extends Person {
    Student(){
        this.name = "student";
        String school = "school";
    }    
}

------解决方案--------------------
试试
Java code
public class Person {
    String name="person";
    public void shout(){
        System.out.println(getName());//相当于this.getName()，属性相当于this.name 方法重写 属性隐藏 this类似于 Person this = new Student() this是Person类型引用 
    }
    public String getName()
    {
           return name;
    }
}

public class Student extends Person{
    String name="student";
    String school="school";
    
}

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Person p=new Student();
        p.shout();
    }

}

------解决方案--------------------
Java code
interface Say {
    public abstract void shout();
}

class Person {
    String name = "Person";
}

class Student extends Person implements Say {

    String name = "Student";

    @Override
    public void shout() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println(name);
    }
}

class Teacher extends Person implements Say {
    String name = "Teacher";

    @Override
    public void shout() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println(name);
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Say personSay;
        personSay = new Student();
        personSay.shout();
        
        personSay = new Teacher();
        personSay.shout();

    }

}
// result:
/*
Student
Teacher
*/