日期:2014-05-20  浏览次数:20729 次

如何动态加载有继承关系的jar?
我在开发系统的一个插件功能,就是提供一个接口,动态加载插件jar,然后执行。所有的插件继承于抽象类BasicPlugin,例如我实现了一个PluginA,在主程序中动态加载:
Java code

//BasicPlugin.java
package byv;

abstract class BasicPlugin {
    abstract public int test(int a);
}

//PluginA.java
package byv;

import byv.BasicPlugin;

public class PluginA extends BasicPlugin {
    @Override
    public int test(int a) {
        return a + a;
    }
}

//主程序
    private static void loadTest() throws Exception {
        URL url = new File("PluginA.jar").toURI().toURL();
        URLClassLoader ClassLoader = URLClassLoader.newInstance(new URL[] {url});
        
        Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("byv.PluginA", true, ClassLoader);
        
         BasicPlugin obj = (BasicPlugin) clazz.newInstance();
        obj.test(2);
    }



其中PluginA.java被打包成了PluginA.jar,里面仅仅包含PluginA.class,不包含BasicPlugin.class。这时运行会出现这样的错误:

Java code

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalAccessError: class byv.PluginA cannot access its superclass byv.BasicPlugin
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:634)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:277)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:73)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:212)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:205)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:321)
    at java.net.FactoryURLClassLoader.loadClass(URLClassLoader.java:615)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:266)
    at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:264)
    at byv.Main.loadTest1(Main.java:18)
    at byv.Main.main(Main.java:11)



但如果我把BasicPlugin.class也放入其中,类型转换会失败,两个BasicPlugin会被识别为不同的东西。怎么办??

------解决方案--------------------
很简单:
public class Test {
 public static void main(String... args) {
  


Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("byv.PluginA", true, ClassLoader);

BasicPlugin obj = (BasicPlugin) clazz.newInstance();
obj.test(2);
 }
}
Test打包成Test.jar


public class Boot {
 public static void main(String... args) {
URL url1 = new File("PluginA.jar").toURI().toURL();
URL url2 = new File("BasePluginA.jar").toURI().toURL();
URL url3 = new File("Test.jar").toURI().toURL();
URLClassLoader classLoader = URLClassLoader.newInstance(new URL[] {url1, url2});
classLoader.loadClass("Test").getMethod("main",new Class[]{args.getClass()}).invoke(null,new Object[]{args});
 }
}