using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int[,] data = { { 1, 2, 3, 4 }, 
                            { 5, 6, 7, 8 },
                            { 9, 10, 11, 12 }, 
                            { 13, 14, 15, 16 } };
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------");
            for (int k = 0; k < 12; k++)
            {
                int temp = data[0, 3];
                for (int i = 3; i > 0; i--)
                {
                    data[0, i] = data[0, i - 1];
                }
                for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
                {
                    data[i, 0] = data[i + 1, 0];
                }
                for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
                {
                    data[3, i] = data[3, i + 1];
                }
                for (int i = 3; i > 0; i--)
                {
                    data[i, 3] = data[i - 1, 3];
                }
                data[1, 3] = temp;
                for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
                {
                    for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
                        Console.Write(data[i, j] + "\t");
                    Console.WriteLine();
                }
                Console.WriteLine("----------------------------");
            }

        }
    }
}
/*
----------------------------
5       1       2       3
9       6       7       4
13      10      11      8
14      15      16      12
----------------------------
9       5       1       2
13      6       7       3
14      10      11      4
15      16      12      8
----------------------------
13      9       5       1
14      6       7       2
15      10      11      3
16      12      8       4
----------------------------
14      13      9       5
15      6       7       1
16      10      11      2
12      8       4       3
----------------------------
15      14      13      9
16      6       7       5
12      10      11      1
8       4       3       2
----------------------------
16      15      14      13
12      6       7       9
8       10      11      5
4       3       2       1
----------------------------
12      16      15      14
8       6       7       13
4       10      11      9
3       2       1       5
----------------------------
8       12      16      15
4       6       7       14
3       10      11      13
2       1       5       9
----------------------------
4       8       12      16
3       6       7       15
2       10      11      14
1       5       9       13
----------------------------
3       4       8       12
2       6       7       16
1       10      11      15
5       9       13      14
----------------------------
2       3       4       8
1       6       7       12
5       10      11      16
9       13      14      15
----------------------------
1       2       3       4
5       6       7       8
9       10      11      12
13      14      15      16
----------------------------
Press any key to continue . . .
*/

------解决方案--------------------
把除中间数字外的数据 按 顺时针 放进1个队列, 队列右移1位后,再把队列放回对应的位置.
关键是取出4条边的数据 按 顺时针 放进1个队列,简单的可以用4个循环取出4条边.