create table tb(id int identity(1,1),sz varchar(20))
insert into tb
select '1,2,3,4,5,6'
go

;with cte as
(
    select a.id,
        convert(int,substring(a.sz,b.number,charindex(',',a.sz+',',b.number+1)-b.number)) sz
    from tb a,master..spt_values b
    where b.type = 'P' and b.number between 1 and len(a.sz)
        and substring(','+a.sz,b.number,1) = ','
)

select a.id,a.sz,b.sz,c.sz,d.sz,e.sz
from cte a join cte b on a.id = b.id and a.sz < b.sz
           join cte c on b.id = c.id and b.sz < c.sz
           join cte d on c.id = d.id and c.sz < d.sz
           join cte e on d.id = e.id and d.sz < e.sz
group by a.id,a.sz,b.sz,c.sz,d.sz,e.sz

drop table tb

/****************************

id          sz          sz          sz          sz          sz
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
1           1           2           3           4           6
1           1           2           4           5           6
1           1           2           3           4           5
1           2           3           4           5           6
1           1           2           3           5           6
1           1           3           4           5           6

(6 行受影响)