if object_id ('dbo.table5') is not null
    drop table dbo.table5
go
create table dbo.table5
    (
    id int not  null,
    name varchar (32) null,
    k1 int  null,
     k2 int  null,
     k3 int  null
    )
go
insert into table5
select '1','张三','100','98','89' 
union all
select '2','李四','79','77','85'
union all
select '3','王五','68','72','75'
union all
select '4','张三','97','95','98'
union all
select '5','王五','75','70','77'
union all
select '6','王五','80','76','73'

declare @c varchar(500)=''
declare @sql varchar(2000)=''
select  @c= isnull(',sum('+c.name+')','')+@c from sys.columns c join sys.objects o
on c.object_id=o.object_id
and o.name='table5' where c.name  like 'k%'
select @sql =stuff(@c,1,1,'') from t    
exec ('select name,'+@sql+' from table5 group by name')

------解决方案--------------------

SQL code


IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM SYSOBJECTS WHERE name = 'tba')
BEGIN
    DROP TABLE tba
END
GO
CREATE TABLE tba
(
    Id INT,
    Name VARCHAR(100),
    col1 INT,
    col2 INT,
    col3 INT
)
GO
INSERT INTO tba
SELECT 1,'张三',100,89,48 UNION
SELECT 2,'李四',89,88,48 UNION
SELECT 3,'王五',87,87,43 UNION
SELECT 4,'张三',79,86,47 UNION
SELECT 5,'李四',58,85,46 UNION
SELECT 6,'王五',89,84,55 
GO

DECLARE @sql VARCHAR(1000) = ''
DECLARE @Total VARCHAR(1000) = ''
SET @sql = 'SELECT Name'

SELECT @sql = @sql + ',' + 'SUM(' + name + ') AS ' + name,@Total = @Total + '+' + 'SUM(' + name + ')'
FROM Sys.columns
WHERE object_name(object_id) = 'tba' and name NOT IN ('ID','Name')

SET @sql = @sql + ',' + RIGHT(@Total,LEN(@Total) - 1) + ' AS Total' + ' FROM tba GROUP BY Name'

EXEC (@Sql)

Name    col1    col2    col3    Total
李四    147    173    94    414
王五    176    171    98    445
张三    179    175    95    449

------解决方案--------------------
SQL code

--> 测试数据：[test]
if object_id('[test]') is not null 
drop table [test]
create table [test](
[id] int,
[姓名] varchar(4),
[考试1] int,
[考试2] int,
[考试3] int
)
go
insert [test]
select 1,'张三',100,98,89 union all
select 2,'李四',79,77,85 union all
select 3,'王五',68,72,75 union all
select 4,'张三',97,95,98 union all
select 5,'王五',75,70,77 union all
select 6,'王五',80,76,73
go
declare @str varchar(2000)
set @str=''
select @str=@str+',sum('+name+') as '+name
from syscolumns where id=object_id('test')
and name not in('id','姓名')
declare @col varchar(2000)
set @col=''
select @col=@col+'+sum('+name+')'
from syscolumns where id=object_id('test')
and name not in('id','姓名')
print @col
set @str='select row_number()over(order by getdate()) as id,姓名'
+@str+',(select '+RIGHT(@col,LEN(@col)-1)+' from test b where a.姓名=b.姓名)as 合计 
from test a group by 姓名 '
exec( @str)
/*
id    姓名    考试1    考试2    考试3    合计
1    李四    79    77    85    241
2    王五    223    218    225    666
3    张三    197    193    187    577
*/